Affirm Holdings, Inc.

Below is Validea's guru fundamental report for AFFIRM HOLDINGS INC (AFRM). Of the 22 guru strategies we follow, AFRM rates highest using our P/B Growth Investor model based on the published strategy of Partha Mohanram. This growth model looks for low book-to-market stocks that exhibit characteristics associated with sustained future growth.
AFFIRM HOLDINGS INC (AFRM) is a large-cap value stock in the Consumer Financial Services industry. The rating using this strategy is 55% based on the firm’s underlying fundamentals and the stock’s valuation. A score of 80% or above typically indicates that the strategy has some interest in the stock and a score above 90% typically indicates strong interest.
The following table summarizes whether the stock meets each of this strategy's tests. Not all criteria in the below table receive equal weighting or are independent, but the table provides a brief overview of the strong and weak points of the security in the context of the strategy's criteria.
Detailed Analysis of AFFIRM HOLDINGS INC
More Information on Partha Mohanram
About Partha Mohanram: Sometimes the best investing strategies don't come from the world of investing. Sometimes research that changes the investing world can come from the halls of academia. Partha Mohanram is a great example of this. While academic research has shown that value investing works over time, it has found the opposite for growth investing. Mohanram turned that research on its head by developing a growth model that produced significant market outperformance. His research paper "Separating Winners from Losers among Low Book-to-Market Stocks using Financial Statement Analysis" looked at the criteria that can be used to separate growth stocks that continue their upward trajectory from those that don't. Mohanram is currently the John H. Watson Chair in Value Investing at the University of Toronto and was previously an Associate Professor at the Columbia Business School.
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About Validea: Validea is aninvestment researchservice that follows the published strategies of investment legends. Validea offers both stock analysis and model portfolios based on gurus who have outperformed the market over the long-term, including Warren Buffett, Benjamin Graham, Peter Lynch and Martin Zweig. For more information about Validea, click here
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.

AFRM Quantitative Stock Analysis

The broader U.S. equity markets scripted history by continuously hitting record highs over the past few days, buoyed by strong quarterly earnings performance from hitherto-reported firms across all sectors. In particular, solid earnings from blue-chip technology stocks that portrayed the growing clout of AI infrastructure spending induced positive investor sentiments. Moreover, renewed trade deals between the United States and its trading partners for a mutually beneficial tariff policy boosted the markets. Investors now await further clarity on the interest rate cuts with the Federal Reserve slated to meet next week.
Amid the vagaries of the market, investors often seek to employ time-tested winning strategies to fetch sustained profits. One of the most successful game plans to beat the blues is to bet on momentum stocks, like Netflix, Inc. NFLX, Robinhood Markets, Inc. HOOD and Affirm Holdings, Inc. AFRM when value or growth investing fails to generate the desired profits.
This approach primarily tends to follow the adage, “the trend is your friend.” At its core, momentum investing is “buying high and selling higher.” It is based on the idea that once a stock establishes a trend, it is more likely to continue in that direction because of the momentum that is already behind it. Momentum investing is a way to profit from the general human tendency to extrapolate current trends into the future. It is based on that gap in time before the mean reversion occurs, i.e., before prices become rational again.
Momentum strategies have been known to be alpha-generative over a long period and across market stages. So, this strategy is quite tricky to implement, as detecting these trends is no child’s play. Here, we have created a strategy to help investors get in on these fast movers and rake in handsome gains. Our screen will help you benefit from both long-term price momentum and a short-term pullback in price.
Screening Parameters for Momentum Anomaly Stocks
Percentage Change in Price (52 Weeks) = Top #50: This selects the top 50 stocks with the best percentage price change over the last 52 weeks. This parameter ensures we get the best stocks that have appreciated steadily over the past year.
Percentage Change in Price (1 Week) = Bottom #10: From the above 50 stocks, we then choose those that are also among the 10 worst performers over a short one-week period. This parameter picks the ones that have witnessed a short-term pullback in price.
Zacks Rank #1: Stocks sporting a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy) have a proven history of outperformance irrespective of the market conditions. You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
Momentum Style Score of B or Better: A top Momentum Style Score knocks out a lot of the screening process as it takes into account several factors that include volume change and performance relative to its peers. It indicates when the timing is best to grab a stock and take advantage of its momentum with the highest probability of success. Stocks with a Momentum Score of A or B, when combined with a Zacks Rank #1 or 2 (Buy), handily outperform other stocks.
Current Price greater than $5: The stocks must all be trading at a minimum of $5.
Market Capitalization = Top #3000: We have chosen stocks that are among the top 3000 in terms of market value to ensure the stability of price.
Average 20-Day Volume greater than 100,000: A substantial trading volume ensures that these stocks are easily tradable.
Here are three stocks out of the five that made it through this screen:
Los Gatos, CA-based Netflix is considered a pioneer in the streaming space. The company has evolved from a small DVD-rental provider to a dominant streaming service provider, courtesy of its wide-ranging content portfolio and a fortified international footprint. Netflix streams movies, television shows and documentaries across a wide variety of genres and languages. Domestic and international subscribers can watch them on a host of Internet-connected devices, including television sets, computers and mobile devices. The stock has surged 86.2% in the past year but declined 7.3% in the past week. Netflix has a Momentum Score of A.
Headquartered in Menlo Park, CA, Robinhood Markets is a financial services company that offers trading services in crypto, stocks, options, exchange-traded funds, cash management, margin and securities lending and Robinhood Gold. The company aims to democratize finance through its commission-free trading model, which was launched in 2013, with no account minimums. The company serves in the United States, the United Kingdom and selected European Union (EU) jurisdictions through its apps and subsidiaries. The stock has rallied 381.3% in the past year but lost 3.3% in the past week. Robinhood Markets has a Momentum Score of A.
Headquartered in San Francisco, CA, Affirm is a financial technology firm specializing in payment solutions that provide consumers with flexible, transparent installment loans — both interest-free and interest-bearing — at the point of sale. By partnering with a diverse range of merchants, Affirm enables customers to pay for purchases over time. The stock has surged 148.7% in the past year but declined 5.2% in the past week. Affirm has a Momentum Score of B.
You can get the rest of the stocks on this list by signing up now for your 2-week free trial to the Research Wizard and start using this screen in your trading. Further, you can also create your own strategies and test them first before taking the investment plunge.
The Research Wizard is a great place to begin. It's easy to use. Everything is in plain language. And it's very intuitive. Start your Research Wizard trial today. And the next time you read an economic report, open up the Research Wizard, plug your finds in, and see what gems come out.
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Disclosure: Officers, directors and/or employees of Zacks Investment Research may own or have sold short securities and/or hold long and/or short positions in options that are mentioned in this material. An affiliated investment advisory firm may own or have sold short securities and/or hold long and/or short positions in options that are mentioned in this material.
Disclosure: Performance information for Zacks’ portfolios and strategies are available at: https://www.zacks.com/performance.
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3 Momentum Anomaly Picks as Markets Hit Record High on the Trot

Infosys INFY reported first-quarter fiscal 2026 results, wherein earnings matched the Zacks Consensus Estimate and revenues surpassed the same. For the fiscal first quarter, the company reported earnings of 19 cents per share, in line with the consensus estimate. The bottom line increased 5.6% year over year.
In the trailing four quarters, INFY’s earnings beat the Zacks Consensus Estimate once and matched thrice, with an average surprise of 1.32%.
Infosys’ fiscal first-quarter revenues increased 4.8% year over year to $4.94 billion from the year-ago quarter’s revenues of $4.71 billion. Key strategic initiatives, market positioning, remarkable growth across segments and unique digital offerings were the company's main drivers of the top line. The top line beat the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $4.84 billion by 2.1%.
Infosys Limited Price, Consensus and EPS Surprise
Infosys’ Q1 Details
Revenues across North America and Europe recorded a year-over-year increase of 0.5% and 16.2%, respectively, on a reported basis. Revenues across India registered a decline of 3.1% while revenues across the Rest of the World remained flat year over year, on a reported basis. On a constant currency (cc) basis, North America and Europe increased 0.4% and 12.3%, respectively. On a cc basis, India declined 1%, while the Rest of the World registered growth of 0.4%.
Segment-wise, revenues from Manufacturing increased 14.72% year over year to $795 million, Financial Services revenues grew 6.23% year over year to $1.38 billion and Energy, Utilities, Resources & Services sales increased 7.19% year over year to $671 million. Communication sales grew 4.75% year over year to $596 million, and Hi-Tech division sales increased 2.12% year over year to $385 million.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2026, the company’s Retail segment revenues grew 1.38% year over year to $660 million. Life Sciences revenues declined 6.41% year over year to $321 million. The Others business unit’s revenues decreased 15.19% year over year to $134 million.
Infosys added 93 clients in the fiscal first quarter. The company reported that its clients, worth more than $100 million, now add up to 41, up from 40 in the year-ago quarter and 39 in the previous quarter.
Gross profits increased 4.8% year over year to approximately $1.53 billion. The gross margin remained flat on a year-over-year basis at 30.9%. The company’s operating income increased 3.4% year over year to $ 1.03 billion. Meanwhile, the operating margin contracted 30 bps to 20.8% year over year.
INFY’s Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Details
Infosys ended the fiscal first quarter with consolidated cash and investments of $5.27 billion, down from $5.56 billion recorded in the previous quarter. During the fiscal first quarter, the company generated a free cash flow of $884 million.
Infosys Initiates Fiscal 2026 Guidance
Infosys projects fiscal 2026 revenues to grow 1-3% on a cc basis. Moreover, it expects a fiscal 2026 operating margin in the range of 20-22%. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for fiscal 2026 revenues and earnings is currently pegged at $19.77 billion and 79 cents per share, respectively.
INFY’s Zacks Rank and Stocks to Consider
Currently, Infosys carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold).
ACI Worldwide ACIW, Affirm AFRM Amphenol APH are some better-ranked stocks that investors can consider in the broader Zacks Computer & Technology sector. ACIW, AFRM and APH sport a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy) each at present. You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
ACI Worldwide shares have lost 11.5% year to date. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for ACI Worldwide’s full-year 2025 earnings is pegged at $2.84 per share, up by a penny over the past 30 days, implying growth of 7.58% from the year-ago quarter’s reported figure.
Affirm shares have lost 7.8% year to date. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for Affirm’s full-year fiscal 2025 earnings is pegged at 3 cents per share, unchanged over the past 60 days, indicating year-over-year growth of 101.8%.
Amphenol shares have gained 45.1% year to date. The Zacks Consensus Estimate for Amphenol’s full-year 2025 earnings has been revised upward to $2.69 per share in the past seven days, indicating year-over-year growth of 42.33%.
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Infosys Q1 Earnings Match Estimates, Revenues Increase Y/Y

Among the underlying components of the Russell 3000 index, we saw noteworthy options trading volume today in Affirm Holdings Inc (Symbol: AFRM), where a total of 29,448 contracts have traded so far, representing approximately 2.9 million underlying shares. That amounts to about 51.6% of AFRM's average daily trading volume over the past month of 5.7 million shares. Especially high volume was seen for the $72.50 strike call option expiring September 19, 2025, with 4,746 contracts trading so far today, representing approximately 474,600 underlying shares of AFRM. Below is a chart showing AFRM's trailing twelve month trading history, with the $72.50 strike highlighted in orange:
Analog Devices Inc (Symbol: ADI) options are showing a volume of 15,950 contracts thus far today. That number of contracts represents approximately 1.6 million underlying shares, working out to a sizeable 50.6% of ADI's average daily trading volume over the past month, of 3.2 million shares. Especially high volume was seen for the $210 strike put option expiring November 21, 2025, with 5,525 contracts trading so far today, representing approximately 552,500 underlying shares of ADI. Below is a chart showing ADI's trailing twelve month trading history, with the $210 strike highlighted in orange:
And Iovance Biotherapeutics Inc (Symbol: IOVA) saw options trading volume of 83,690 contracts, representing approximately 8.4 million underlying shares or approximately 50.4% of IOVA's average daily trading volume over the past month, of 16.6 million shares. Particularly high volume was seen for the $4 strike call option expiring July 25, 2025, with 10,183 contracts trading so far today, representing approximately 1.0 million underlying shares of IOVA. Below is a chart showing IOVA's trailing twelve month trading history, with the $4 strike highlighted in orange:
For the various different available expirations for AFRM options, ADI options, or IOVA options, visit StockOptionsChannel.com.
Also see:
HTPA Options Chain
Funds Holding TIPZ
IPG RSI
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.

Noteworthy Wednesday Option Activity: AFRM, ADI, IOVA

For Immediate Release
Chicago, IL – July 23, 2025 – Zacks.com announces the list of stocks featured in the Analyst Blog. Every day the Zacks Equity Research analysts discuss the latest news and events impacting stocks and the financial markets. Stocks recently featured in the blog include: Visa Inc. V and Affirm Holdings, Inc. AFRM.
Here are highlights from Tuesday’s Analyst Blog:
Visa vs. Affirm: Old School & FinTech - Who Wins the Payment War?
Visa Inc. and Affirm Holdings, Inc. both are now operating at the forefront of the payments landscape, one as a decades-old card network with global scale, the other as a fast-growing fintech innovator in buy now, pay later (BNPL). Visa processes trillions in consumer and commercial payments each year, earning reliable fee-based revenues. Affirm, by contrast, has carved out a niche financing model that embeds point-of-sale loans directly into e-commerce checkouts.
With growing competition from Big Tech and evolving consumer preferences, investors must decide whether Visa’s entrenched network or Affirm’s disruptive momentum offers better upside. Let’s dive deep and closely compare their fundamentals to determine which stock is the stronger investment opportunity today.
The Case for Visa
Visa remains a dominant force in global payments, operating one of the most extensive and secure card payment networks in the world.It reported second quarter fiscal 2025 net revenue of $9.6 billion, up 9.3% year-over-year on an 8% gain in payments volume and strong cross-border growth. Its durable competitive moat lies in its sprawling global network, which captures more than half of purchase volume in the United States and billions of digital transactions.
Visa Inc. price-consensus-eps-surprise-chart | Visa Inc. Quote
Its entrenched global reach, strong brand trust and deep integration with financial institutions continue to make it a backbone of the traditional payments ecosystem.Management bolstered shareholder returns with $5.6 billion in buybacks in the last reported quarter and a fresh $30 billion repurchase authorization, underscoring cash-flow strength.
Beyond core card transactions, Visa is pushing into digital payments through Visa Direct, tapping into peer-to-peer and business payouts. It is also investing in real-time payments infrastructure and API-based solutions to remain relevant in a rapidly digitizing financial landscape. However, Visa’s growth is naturally tied to the pace of consumer spending and cross-border transactions, both of which are increasingly vulnerable to economic cycles and inflation pressures.
Additionally, Visa’s business model is primarily fee-based and intermediated, dependent on banks, merchants and processors. This layered structure contrasts with the emerging direct-to-consumer models that fintech disruptors are leveraging to sidestep traditional rails. As the payments landscape shifts toward embedded finance and alternative credit models, Visa’s legacy advantage may be less compelling for tech-savvy Gen Z and millennial consumers seeking speed, flexibility and something fresh.
The Case for Affirm
Affirm represents the modern alternative to traditional credit cards, with its BNPL model reshaping how consumers finance purchases. In fiscal third-quarter 2025, Affirm’s revenues improved 36% year over year to $783.1 million, driven by higher gross merchandise volume (GMV) and expanded merchant relationships. Its active consumer count rose to 21.9 million, and transactions per active user grew by 21.7%, showing rising engagement and repeat usage.Affirm Holdings, Inc. price-consensus-eps-surprise-chart | Affirm Holdings, Inc. Quote
What makes Affirm structurally compelling is its ability to operate outside the traditional credit-card networks. Its partnerships with Shopify, Amazon, Costco and Apple allow it to plug directly into consumer spending. Affirm’s AI-powered underwriting tools and real-time risk assessment give it the agility to approve users more accurately and scale profitably. Unlike Visa, which largely benefits from payment routing, Affirm profits from originating and managing consumer credit directly.
The company’s diversified funding model, including 24 securitizations totaling $12.25 billion and relationships with 150+ capital partners, underscores its growing operational maturity. And while Affirm is not yet consistently profitable for a long period, its investments in automation, gen AI, and merchant analytics tools are positioning it for long-term operating leverage. With younger demographics favoring transparent instalment payments, Affirm is well-aligned with consumer trends.
Internationally, Affirm is scaling through a strategic partnership with Shopify to enter Western Europe, following its U.K. launch. With more than 358,000 merchant partners, this global push opens up significant new revenue streams. Affirm is also broadening its ecosystem beyond core BNPL, investing in debit card offerings and B2B tools to further diversify business.
AFRM’s long-term debt-to-capital of 71.8% is significantly higher than Visa’s 30.7%, but that is not entirely unexpected for the fintech, still scaling operations. Affirm's high leverage reflects its aggressive growth strategy and non-bank structure, which is normal for its business model, but also means higher interest expense risk and greater exposure to credit market tightening.
How Do Zacks Estimates Compare for V & AFRM?
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for Affirm's bottom line is comparably favorable at this stage. The consensus estimate for V’s fiscal 2025 earnings indicates a 13.1% increase from a year ago, while the same for revenues suggests 10.3% growth. On the other hand, the Zacks Consensus Estimate for Affirm's fiscal 2025 EPS indicates 101.8% year-over-year improvement, and the same for revenues signals a 37.1% rise.
Valuation: V vs. AFRM
On a price-to-sales basis, Visa sits at 15.04X forward revenues, significantly above the industry average of 6.30X. By contrast, Affirm’s price-to-sales multiple is at 5.41X, in line with its high growth fintech peers. Affirm’s cheaper P/S multiple leaves room for significant growth as business expansion accelerates.
Price Performance Comparison
Visa has returned 32.5% in the past year, buoyed by resilient spending trends and market optimism. Affirm, meanwhile, has delivered a massive 127.5% return, driven by its outsized revenue growth and positive guidance surprises. Both have outperformed the industry and the S&P 500 Index during this time.
Conclusion
While Visa with a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy), continues to dominate global payments with scale, profitability and unmatched trust, its model is comparatively mature and tethered to the pace of economic activity. Affirm, in contrast, is riding structural tailwinds, consumer credit disruption, embedded finance and a flexible payment demanding user base.
Affirm’s significant revenue growth, expanding merchant base and growing user engagement point to accelerating momentum. Its nimble, vertically integrated platform gives it more control over the customer experience, and its recent international push and AI investments signal it is just getting started.
Yes, Affirm carries higher leverage and is still scaling, but its valuation reflects that upside potential. Given its faster growth trajectory, more favorable Zacks estimates and outperformance in the stock market, Affirm currently offers more compelling upside for investors seeking the next phase of fintech and payments evolution. AFRM currently sports a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy). You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
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Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Inherent in any investment is the potential for loss. This material is being provided for informational purposes only and nothing herein constitutes investment, legal, accounting or tax advice, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold a security. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment is suitable for a particular investor. It should not be assumed that any investments in securities, companies, sectors or markets identified and described were or will be profitable. All information is current as of the date of herein and is subject to change without notice. Any views or opinions expressed may not reflect those of the firm as a whole. Zacks Investment Research does not engage in investment banking, market making or asset management activities of any securities. These returns are from hypothetical portfolios consisting of stocks with Zacks Rank = 1 that were rebalanced monthly with zero transaction costs. These are not the returns of actual portfolios of stocks. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged index. Visit https://www.zacks.com/performance for information about the performance numbers displayed in this press release.
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The Zacks Analyst Blog Highlights Visa and Affirm Holdings

Visa Inc. V and Affirm Holdings, Inc. AFRM both are now operating at the forefront of the payments landscape, one as a decades-old card network with global scale, the other as a fast-growing fintech innovator in buy now, pay later (BNPL). Visa processes trillions in consumer and commercial payments each year, earning reliable fee-based revenues. Affirm, by contrast, has carved out a niche financing model that embeds point-of-sale loans directly into e-commerce checkouts.
With growing competition from Big Tech and evolving consumer preferences, investors must decide whether Visa’s entrenched network or Affirm’s disruptive momentum offers better upside. Let’s dive deep and closely compare their fundamentals to determine which stock is the stronger investment opportunity today.
The Case for Visa
Visa remains a dominant force in global payments, operating one of the most extensive and secure card payment networks in the world.It reported second quarter fiscal 2025 net revenue of $9.6 billion, up 9.3% year-over-year on an 8% gain in payments volume and strong cross-border growth. Its durable competitive moat lies in its sprawling global network, which captures more than half of purchase volume in the United States and billions of digital transactions.
Visa Inc. Price, Consensus and EPS Surprise
Its entrenched global reach, strong brand trust and deep integration with financial institutions continue to make it a backbone of the traditional payments ecosystem.Management bolstered shareholder returns with $5.6 billion in buybacks in the last reported quarter and a fresh $30 billion repurchase authorization, underscoring cash-flow strength.
Beyond core card transactions, Visa is pushing into digital payments through Visa Direct, tapping into peer-to-peer and business payouts. It is also investing in real-time payments infrastructure and API-based solutions to remain relevant in a rapidly digitizing financial landscape. However, Visa’s growth is naturally tied to the pace of consumer spending and cross-border transactions, both of which are increasingly vulnerable to economic cycles and inflation pressures.
Additionally, Visa’s business model is primarily fee-based and intermediated, dependent on banks, merchants and processors. This layered structure contrasts with the emerging direct-to-consumer models that fintech disruptors are leveraging to sidestep traditional rails. As the payments landscape shifts toward embedded finance and alternative credit models, Visa’s legacy advantage may be less compelling for tech-savvy Gen Z and millennial consumers seeking speed, flexibility and something fresh.
The Case for Affirm
Affirm represents the modern alternative to traditional credit cards, with its BNPL model reshaping how consumers finance purchases. In fiscal third-quarter 2025, Affirm’s revenues improved 36% year over year to $783.1 million, driven by higher gross merchandise volume (GMV) and expanded merchant relationships. Its active consumer count rose to 21.9 million, and transactions per active user grew by 21.7%, showing rising engagement and repeat usage.
Affirm Holdings, Inc. Price, Consensus and EPS Surprise
What makes Affirm structurally compelling is its ability to operate outside the traditional credit-card networks. Its partnerships with Shopify, Amazon, Costcoand Apple allow it to plug directly into consumer spending. Affirm’s AI-powered underwriting tools and real-time risk assessment give it the agility to approve users more accurately and scale profitably. Unlike Visa, which largely benefits from payment routing, Affirm profits from originating and managing consumer credit directly.
The company’s diversified funding model, including 24 securitizations totaling $12.25 billion and relationships with 150+ capital partners, underscores its growing operational maturity. And while Affirm is not yet consistently profitable for a long period, its investments in automation, gen AI, and merchant analytics tools are positioning it for long-term operating leverage. With younger demographics favoring transparent instalment payments, Affirm is well-aligned with consumer trends.
Internationally, Affirm is scaling through a strategic partnership with Shopify to enter Western Europe, following its U.K. launch. With more than 358,000 merchant partners, this global push opens up significant new revenue streams. Affirm is also broadening its ecosystem beyond core BNPL, investing in debit card offerings and B2B tools to further diversify business.
AFRM’s long-term debt-to-capital of 71.8% is significantly higher than Visa’s 30.7%, but that is not entirely unexpected for the fintech, still scaling operations. Affirm's high leverage reflects its aggressive growth strategy and non-bank structure, which is normal for its business model, but also means higher interest expense risk and greater exposure to credit market tightening.
How Do Zacks Estimates Compare for V & AFRM?
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for Affirm'sbottom line is comparably favorable at this stage. The consensus estimate for V’s fiscal 2025 earnings indicates a 13.1% increase from a year ago, while the same for revenues suggests 10.3% growth. On the other hand, the Zacks Consensus Estimate for Affirm'sfiscal 2025 EPS indicates 101.8% year-over-year improvement, and the same for revenues signals a 37.1% rise.
Valuation: V vs. AFRM
On a price-to-sales basis, Visa sits at 15.04X forward revenues, significantly above the industry average of 6.30X. By contrast, Affirm’s price-to-sales multiple is at 5.41X, in line with its high growth fintech peers. Affirm’s cheaper P/S multiple leaves room for significant growth as business expansion accelerates.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
Price Performance Comparison
Visa has returned 32.5% in the past year, buoyed by resilient spending trends and market optimism. Affirm, meanwhile, has delivered a massive 127.5% return, driven by its outsized revenue growth and positive guidance surprises. Both have outperformed the industry and the S&P 500 Index during this time.
Price Performance – V, AFRM, Industry & S&P 500
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
Conclusion
While Visa with a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy), continues to dominate global payments with scale, profitability and unmatched trust, its model is comparatively mature and tethered to the pace of economic activity. Affirm, in contrast, is riding structural tailwinds, consumer credit disruption, embedded finance and a flexible payment demanding user base.
Affirm’s significant revenue growth, expanding merchant base and growing user engagement point to accelerating momentum. Its nimble, vertically integrated platform gives it more control over the customer experience, and its recent international push and AI investments signal it is just getting started.
Yes, Affirm carries higher leverage and is still scaling, but its valuation reflects that upside potential. Given its faster growth trajectory, more favorable Zacks estimates and outperformance in the stock market, Affirm currently offers more compelling upside for investors seeking the next phase of fintech and payments evolution. AFRM currently sports a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy). You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
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Visa vs. Affirm: Old Guard or Fintech Fire - Who Wins the Payment War?

Affirm Holdings Inc AFRM, a key player in the Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) space, is focusing on vertical integration to boost its profitability in a competitive and capital-heavy industry. With increasing pressure from regulators, high interest rates and stiff competition from rivals, AFRM’s approach to take control of more of the BNPL value chain could be a game-changer.
At its core, vertical integration means the company is taking charge of everything — from underwriting and loan origination to servicing and collections in many cases — rather than leaning heavily on third-party banks or partners. For instance, AFRM now relies on its own in-house algorithm to assess creditworthiness instead of solely depending on traditional credit scores. This shift enables better risk-based pricing, quicker approvals and greater control over loan performance.
One of the key aspects of this strategy is the increasing reliance on in-house funding. By blending its balance sheet with warehouse credit funding, Affirm will be able to lessen its dependence on expensive external capital, which ultimately boosts its net interest margin. This shift in structure could help soften the effects of broader economic challenges, like the rising cost of funds, which is a significant barrier to profitability for many BNPL companies.
In the third quarter of fiscal 2025, the company’s total revenues improved 36% year over year. Also, its adjusted operating margin improved 860 basis points year over year in the same quarter. AFRM’s strategy of vertical integration isn’t just a smart defensive tactic — it’s a key to long-term profitability.
How Are Competitors Faring?
Some of AFRM’s competitors in the BNPL space are PayPal Holdings, Inc. PYPL and Block, Inc. XYZ.
PayPal controls the entire value chain, handling everything from underwriting and transaction processing to collections and customer support. PayPal’s deep integration with merchants and large global user base allows it to offer BNPL services efficiently without incurring high customer acquisition costs.
Afterpay, part of Block, takes a different approach than AFRM by being less vertically integrated. It acts more like a BNPL facilitator that focuses on merchants, offering interest-free installment plans while depending on Block’s access to capital for its funding.
Affirm’s Price Performance, Valuation & Estimates
Over the past year, AFRM’s shares have skyrocketed 131.9% compared with the industry’s growth of 41.8%.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
From a valuation standpoint, AFRM trades at a forward price-to-sales ratio of 5.64, slightly below the industry average of 5.7. AFRM carries a Value Score of F.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for Affirm’s fiscal 2025 earnings implies 101.8% growth from the year-ago period.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
Affirm currently sports a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy). You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
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How Vertical Integration Is Fueling Affirm's Profitability in BNPL

Key Points
Sezzle has been one of the best-performing stocks of the past year.
The BNPL specialist has seen exploding growth over the last year.
The industry has a long runway ahead of it if it can continue grabbing share from credit and debit cards.
By now, investors are familiar with the big winners over the last couple of years, like Nvidia and Palantir, but there's one little-known buy-now, pay-later (BNPL) stock that has crushed the returns of both of those popular artificial intelligence (AI) stocks.
I'm talking about Sezzle (NASDAQ: SEZL), a fast-growing fintech that was just a small-cap company until recently. After soaring more than 800% over the last year, Sezzle has a market cap of roughly $4.5 billion, meaning the stock could easily be a multibagger from here.
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The company also recently rewarded investors with a 6-for-1 stock split in March. That doesn't change any fundamentals about the business, but it is a reflection of management's confidence in future growth, and investors tend to respond positively to stock splits.
What is Sezzle?
Sezzle was founded in 2016, led by CEO and co-founder Charlie Youakim, who had experience in the payments industry after co-founding the mobile parking payments app Passport.
After moving on from Passport, Youakim decided to target a larger corner of the payments sector, setting his sights on retail. Since it came after larger BNPL companies like Afterpay (now owned by Block), Affirm, and Klarna were well-established, Sezzle has had to be scrappy to get to where it is today.
The company initially raised capital and went public in Australia before eventually going public through a direct listing in the U.S. It then delisted its Australian listing.
In an interview with The Motley Fool, Youakim said the company, which recently filed a lawsuit against Shopify, has overcome a great deal of adversity in growing to where it is today. He said Shopify "was basically blocking us on its site" when the e-commerce platform made up 80% of revenue. After previously cutting headcount from 580 to 240 and making some other tough decisions, Sezzle has turned profitable and is growing rapidly. It's also diversified its merchant partners, and today, Shopify makes up less than 5% of its revenue.
Sezzle by the numbers
An 800% surge in a stock doesn't just happen, and Sezzle has the numbers to back that monster growth.
In the first quarter of 2025, revenue jumped 123% year over year to $104.9 million, benefiting from increased adoption of subscription programs and several quarters of accelerating momentum. In fact, Sezzle's revenue growth has accelerated for five quarters in a row, and its profits have also soared.
In Q1, operating income jumped 260.6% to $49.9 million, an operating margin of nearly 47.6%, and earnings per share surged from $0.22 in the quarter to $1.00.
Its total of monthly on-demand and subscription customers jumped 77.4% in the quarter to 658,000. The company is seeing increased purchase frequency, and gross merchandise volume (GMV) jumped 64% over the prior year, showing that increased spending with Sezzle is driving most of the growth.
Sezzle's secret
Like most BNPL operators, Sezzle makes money on sales from the merchant, which pays a 6% processing fee plus $0.30 on transactions.
However, Sezzle's subscription products have helped drive growth, including Sezzle Anywhere, which allows users to use Sezzle virtually anywhere Visa is accepted.
The company has launched other popular products as well, like auto-couponing, which automatically finds coupons the customer can use, and its Sezzle Up feature allows users to establish a credit history with Sezzle. Most of its users are young adults and have low to medium income levels.
Additionally, the company has a rewards program called payment streaks, which gives customers points every time they make an on-time payment.
Sezzle has also managed credit risks by cutting off customers when they miss payments, essentially preventing them from continuing to borrow and spend on the platform. That's a meaningful difference from credit cards that allow users to rack up debt they often struggle to pay.
Is Sezzle a buy?
Sezzle stock exploded following the company's first-quarter report, though the stock has cooled off this month as other high-flying growth stocks have pulled back in what could be a market rotation.
There's a long runway of growth ahead for Sezzle and other BNPL operators if they can continue to take market share from credit and debit cards in the massive payments market.
The company seems to have found the right mix of user-friendly product features and a lean business model capable of delivering wide profit margins. Investors should expect the company's revenue growth to moderate, but it looks like a good bet to outperform over the long term.
Youakim aims for Sezzle to become a daily use app for 70% of Americans. He envisions it becoming something of a super-app with more banking services.
That's a bold goal, but the company doesn't have to get to that level for it to be successful. At its current valuation, investors seem to be betting on its growth to moderate soon. If Sezzle can continue to outgrow its peers, however, the stock should be a winner.
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Jeremy Bowman has positions in Nvidia, Shopify, and Visa. The Motley Fool has positions in and recommends Block, Nvidia, Palantir Technologies, Sezzle, Shopify, and Visa. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.

This Stock-Split Stock Is Up More Than 800% in the Last Year. Is It a Still a Buy?

Below is Validea's guru fundamental report for AFFIRM HOLDINGS INC (AFRM). Of the 22 guru strategies we follow, AFRM rates highest using our Small-Cap Growth Investor model based on the published strategy of Motley Fool. This strategy looks for small cap growth stocks with solid fundamentals and strong price performance.
AFFIRM HOLDINGS INC (AFRM) is a large-cap growth stock in the Consumer Financial Services industry. The rating using this strategy is 55% based on the firm’s underlying fundamentals and the stock’s valuation. A score of 80% or above typically indicates that the strategy has some interest in the stock and a score above 90% typically indicates strong interest.
The following table summarizes whether the stock meets each of this strategy's tests. Not all criteria in the below table receive equal weighting or are independent, but the table provides a brief overview of the strong and weak points of the security in the context of the strategy's criteria.
Detailed Analysis of AFFIRM HOLDINGS INC
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About Motley Fool: Brothers David and Tom Gardner often wear funny hats in public appearances, but they're hardly fools -- at least not the kind whose advice you should readily dismiss. The Gardners are the founders of the popular Motley Fool web site, which offers frank and often irreverent commentary on investing, the stock market, and personal finance. The Gardners' "Fool" really is a multi-media endeavor, offering not only its web content but also several books written by the brothers, a weekly syndicated newspaper column, and subscription newsletter services.
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Guru Fundamental Report for AFRM

For Immediate Release
Chicago, IL – July 17, 2025 – Zacks Equity Research shares Affirm Holdings AFRM as the Bull of the Day and JAKKS Pacific JAKK as the Bear of the Day. In addition, Zacks Equity Research provides analysis on Mastercard Inc. MA, Visa Inc. V and PayPal Holdings, Inc. PYPL.
Here is a synopsis of all five stocks:
Affirm Holdings, a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy), is a financial technology company specializing in payment solutions that provide consumers with flexible, transparent installment loans. By partnering with a diverse range of merchants, Affirm enables customers to pay for purchases over time.
The stock is displaying relative strength and has been making a series of higher highs. The price movement is a sign of strength as we head into the second half of the year. Increasing volume has attracted investor attention as buying pressure accumulates in this top-ranked stock.
Affirm is part of the Zacks Financial Transaction Services industry group, which currently ranks in the top 31% out of more than 250 industries. Because this group is ranked in the top half of all Zacks Ranked Industries, we expect it to outperform the market over the next 3 to 6 months, just as it has over the past few months.
Historical research studies suggest that approximately half of a stock's price appreciation is due to its industry grouping. In fact, the top 50% of Zacks Ranked Industries outperforms the bottom 50% by a factor of more than 2 to 1.
It's no secret that investing in stocks that are part of leading industry groups can give us a leg up relative to the market. By focusing on leading stocks within the top industries, we can dramatically improve our stock-picking success.
Company Description
Affirm Holdings operates a payment network in the United States, Canada, and internationally. Its platform includes point-of-sale payment solutions for consumers and merchants along with a consumer-focused app.
The company boasts over 300,000 active merchants covering small businesses, large enterprises, direct-to-consumer brands, and brick-and-mortar stores. Its tools help merchants to boost sales and enhance customer engagement.
Affirm's top-line momentum remains strong, supported by rising adoption of Affirm Cards and entry into high-growth verticals like gaming. A robust merchant network is fueling expansion with new alliances across travel, healthcare, and international markets.
Partnerships with Adyen and Shopify are aiding European growth. Affirm's cloud-native platform uses machine learning and AI to optimize underwriting, improve efficiency and automate customer service.
Earnings Trends and Future Estimates
Affirm has built up an impressive reporting history, surpassing earnings estimates in each of the past four quarters. The company delivered a trailing four-quarter average surprise of 102%.
Back in May, Affirm reported fiscal third-quarter earnings of 1 cent per share, which marked a 111% surprise over the -$0.09/share consensus estimate. Higher transactions and robust repeat customer engagement also boosted performance.
For the company's fiscal fourth quarter, analysts are expecting Affirm to deliver year-over-year EPS growth of 164% (9 cents per share) on nearly 27% higher revenues ($835 million). Affirm is scheduled to deliver the quarterly results in late August.
Looking further out, analysts remain bullish on the stock and have raised fiscal 2026 earnings estimates by 5.71% in the past 60 days. The Zacks Consensus Estimate now stands at 74 cents per share, reflecting staggering growth of 2,355% relative to the prior year.
Let's Get Technical
This market leader has seen its stock advance more than 80% off the April lows. Only stocks that are in extremely powerful uptrends are able to experience this type of outperformance. This is the kind of stock we want to include in our portfolio – one that is trending well and receiving positive earnings estimate revisions.
The stock has been making a series of higher highs over the past few months. With both strong fundamental and technical indicators, AFRM stock is poised to continue its outperformance.
Empirical research shows a strong correlation between near-term stock movements and trends in earnings estimate revisions. As we know, Affirm has recently witnessed positive revisions. As long as this trend remains intact (and AFRM continues to deliver earnings beats), the stock will likely continue its bullish run.
Bottom Line
Backed by a leading industry group and history of earnings beats, it's not difficult to see why AFRM stock is a compelling investment. Robust fundamentals combined with an appealing technical trend certainly justify adding shares to the mix.
Affirm has achieved strong revenue growth through diverse income streams including merchant network fees, interest from loans, and virtual card revenues. Advanced machine learning and predictive models power the company's cloud-based, data-driven platform.
Recent positive earnings estimate revisions should also serve to create a 'floor' in terms of any sudden or unexpected downside moves. If you haven't already done so, be sure to put AFRM on your shortlist.
JAKKS Pacific produces, sells, and distributes toys and related products. A multi-line, multi-brand company, JAKKS Pacific also sells electronics, kids indoor and outdoor furniture, and sporting goods. Its products include action figures, toy vehicles, dolls, inflatable tents, wagons, costumes, and other child-related accessories.
The company sells its products through both in-house and independent sales teams to mass-market retail chains, grocery stores, toy specialty stores, and wholesalers. JAKKS was incorporated in 1995 and is headquartered in Santa Monica, California.
The toy company faces several notable headwinds. Over 75% of its business operates on a Freight-On-Board (FOB) basis, with products sold either directly at the factory or through ports in China. Revenues have been under pressure in recent quarters due to lower orders in key categories. Tariff uncertainty, increased expenses, and depleting liquidity remain top concerns.
The Zacks Rundown
A Zacks Rank #5 (Strong Sell) stock, JAKKS is part of the Zacks Toys – Games – Hobbies industry, which currently ranks in the bottom 2% out of approximately 250 industries. Because this industry is ranked in the bottom half of all Zacks Ranked Industries, we expect it to underperform the market over the next 3 to 6 months.
Stocks in the bottom tiers of industries can often be intriguing short candidates. While individual stocks have the ability to outperform even when they're part of a lagging industry, the inclusion in a weaker group serves as a headwind for any potential rallies and the journey forward is that much more difficult.
JAKK stock has been severely underperforming the market off the April lows. The stock has failed to show any real momentum and represents a compelling short opportunity as we head further into 2025.
Recent Earnings Misses and Deteriorating Outlook
JAKKS Pacific has fallen short of earnings estimates in four of the past six quarters. The company posted a trailing four-quarter average earnings miss of -283%. Consistently falling short of earnings estimates is a recipe for underperformance, and JAKK is no exception.
The kids' accessories company has been on the receiving end of negative earnings estimate revisions as of late. Looking at the full year, analysts have slashed estimates by a whopping -38.26% in the past 60 days. The 2025 Zacks Consensus EPS Estimate is now $2.34 per share, reflecting negative growth of -38% relative to last year.
Falling earnings estimates are a huge red flag and need to be respected. Negative growth year-over-year is the type of trend that bears like to see.
Let's Get Technical
JAKK stock has experienced what is known as a "death cross," whereby the stock's 50-day moving average crosses below its 200-day moving average. Shares would have to make an outsized move to the upside and show increasing earnings estimate revisions to warrant taking any long positions. The stock has fallen more than 40% since February, all while the general market returned to new heights.
Final Thoughts
A deteriorating fundamental and technical backdrop show that this stock is not set to hit new highs anytime soon. The fact that JAKKS Pacific is included in a weak industry group simply adds to the growing list of concerns.
A history of earnings misses will likely serve as a ceiling to any potential rallies, nurturing the stock's downtrend.
JAKK shares continue to experience substantial volatility and have widely underperformed the market lately. With negative earnings estimate revisions continuing to pile up, this stock should be avoided as there are plenty of better alternatives in the current market environment.
Additional content:
Why Do Merchants Trust Mastercard in a Risky Digital World?
Mastercard Inc. continues to gain the trust of merchants in today's digital world, where payment fraud and cyber threats are on the rise. The company's proactive security infrastructure and established industry reputation keep it at the top of merchant preference, which supports its volume growth. MA has invested heavily in cybersecurity.
The company has rolled out AI-driven fraud detection tools, along with biometric authentication and tokenization technology that swaps out card details for unique identifiers, significantly lowering the risk of theft. Its exclusive Cyber Secure tool offers real-time risk assessments, enabling businesses to identify and tackle vulnerabilities before they can be taken advantage of. MA also launched Mastercard Agent Pay, which combines its agentic tokens with cybersecurity, fraud and franchise regulations. These will assist Microsoft and other partners in enabling safe, easy and programmable transactions across AI platforms.
In addition to technology, MA is building trust via strategic partnerships and global compliance. The company collaborates closely with merchants and regulators to keep up with changing data privacy standards like GDPR and PCI DSS. Also, its acquisition of RiskRecon, a cybersecurity company, has boosted its ability to keep an eye on third-party risks, something that can be challenging for SMEs to handle on their own. MA also emphasizes education and transparency. With initiatives like the Trust Center and global fraud insights, it helps businesses stay updated.
As e-commerce keeps expanding and digital fraud gets trickier, Mastercard's multi-layered defense model, real-time intelligence and collaborative ecosystem provide merchants with the confidence to concentrate on growth without worrying about threats.
How Are Competitors Faring?
Some of MA's competitors adopting AI to improve operations include Visa Inc. and PayPal Holdings, Inc..
Visa is also making significant strides in cybersecurity. Visa poured over $10 billion over the past five years into AI and fraud prevention technologies, allowing their systems to sift through millions of transactions in real time to spot any unusual activity.
PayPal is actively using AI to improve its platform in a number of ways, from streamlining checkout procedures to giving developers more flexible workflows. These AI-powered solutions demonstrate PayPal's dedication to increasing productivity, customizing communications and strengthening security for both customers and companies.
Mastercard's Price Performance, Valuation & Estimates
In the year-to-date period, MA's shares have gained 4.3% compared with the industry's rise of 2.4%.
From a valuation standpoint, MA trades at a forward price-to-earnings ratio of 31.59, above the industry average of 21.85. MA carries a Value Score of D.
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for Mastercard's 2025 earnings implies 9.6% growth from the year-ago period.
Mastercard currently carries a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy). You can see the complete list of today's Zacks #1 Rank (Strong Buy) stocks here.
Research Chief Names "Single Best Pick to Double"
From thousands of stocks, 5 Zacks experts each have chosen their favorite to skyrocket +100% or more in months to come. From those 5, Director of Research Sheraz Mian hand-picks one to have the most explosive upside of all.
This company targets millennial and Gen Z audiences, generating nearly $1 billion in revenue last quarter alone. A recent pullback makes now an ideal time to jump aboard. Of course, all our elite picks aren't winners but this one could far surpass earlier Zacks' Stocks Set to Double like Nano-X Imaging which shot up +129.6% in little more than 9 months.
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Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Inherent in any investment is the potential for loss.This material is being provided for informational purposes only and nothing herein constitutes investment, legal, accounting or tax advice, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold a security. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment is suitable for a particular investor. It should not be assumed that any investments in securities, companies, sectors or markets identified and described were or will be profitable. All information is current as of the date of herein and is subject to change without notice. Any views or opinions expressed may not reflect those of the firm as a whole. Zacks Investment Research does not engage in investment banking, market making or asset management activities of any securities. These returns are from hypothetical portfolios consisting of stocks with Zacks Rank = 1 that were rebalanced monthly with zero transaction costs. These are not the returns of actual portfolios of stocks. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged index. Visit https://www.zacks.com/performancefor information about the performance numbers displayed in this press release.
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Our experts have revealed their Top 5 recommendations with money-doubling potential – and Director of Research Sheraz Mian believes one is superior to the others. Of course, all our picks aren’t winners but this one could far surpass earlier recommendations like Hims & Hers Health, which shot up +209%.
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The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.

Indicator	TTM Median
P/E	0.00 13.37
Price/Sales	6.18 1.92
P/B	5.29 1.10
P/FCF	61.36 10.25

Indicator	TTM Median
ROE	-19.63 10.06
ROA	-5.72 1.13
ROI	-5.86 6.38
Net Worth	17.85 0.99
Quick Ratio	0.00 1.40
Current Ratio	13.07 0.96

Indicator	TTM Median
Net Profit Margin	-22.30 15.86
Operating Margin	-26.47 21.72
Gross Margin	48.82 68.17
Return on tangible equity	-24.83 12.03

Indicator	TTM Median
EPS	0.31 0.60
EPS Forecast	0.36 0.61
Revenue	698.00M 85.50M
Gross Profit	351.00M —
EBITDA	-29.00M —

Affirm Holdings, Inc.

Indicators AFRM

Valuation

Debts

Efficiency

Other ratios

Revenue